Having spent the last 5 years in the gas detection industry, I can attest to the crucial role of CO gas detectors in ensuring safety in different industries. These detectors are among our best-selling products, and for good reason.
In this post, I will do a deep dive into the CO detector, what is it, the technologies used, and some of the best CO detectors on the market.
What is a CO gas detector?
A carbon monoxide (CO) gas detector is a device that detects the presence of carbon monoxide gas in the environment.
CO detectors are essential for safety in homes and workplaces where there is a risk of carbon monoxide exposure from sources such as furnaces, gas stoves, fireplaces, and car exhaust.
What are the characteristics of Carbon Monoxide?
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that can be very dangerous, as it interferes with the body’s ability to carry oxygen.
How is CO gas detected?
Carbon monoxide (CO) gas is detected using several types of sensors, each based on different technologies. Here are the primary methods used to detect CO gas:
Electrochemical Sensors
These sensors are the most common in CO detectors. They use electrodes in a chemical solution where CO gas reacts and generates a small electrical current proportional to the concentration of CO. Advantages include high sensitivity, specificity to CO, and a long operational life.
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Sensors
These sensors use a thin film of metal oxide (typically tin dioxide) that reacts with CO gas at high temperatures.
The reaction causes a change in the electrical resistance of the film, which is measured and correlated to CO concentration.
These sensors are relatively inexpensive and have a quick response time, but they may require regular calibration.
Infrared (IR) Sensors
These sensors detect CO gas by measuring the absorption of infrared light at specific wavelengths absorbed by CO molecules.
They are highly accurate and can be used for continuous monitoring in industrial applications.
The downside is that they can be expensive and bulky compared to other types of sensors.
Opto-chemical Sensors
Opto-chemical Sensors use a chemical reagent that changes color when exposed to CO gas. The color change is detected optically and is used to determine the concentration of CO.
These sensors are simple and cost-effective, making them suitable for portable and disposable applications.
Importance of CO gas detectors
CO detectors are critical for preventing carbon monoxide poisoning, which can cause symptoms like headaches, dizziness, weakness, nausea, and in severe cases, can be fatal.
Functional CO detectors can provide early warning and allow occupants to evacuate and ventilate the area to prevent harm.
How to select the right CO detector for your application
Selecting the right carbon monoxide (CO) detector is crucial for ensuring safety. Here are some tips to help you choose the best CO detector for your needs.
Certification and Standards
Ensure the CO detector is certified by a recognized safety organization, such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL) in the United States, or has a CE mark in Europe.
Look for detectors that meet local regulations and standards for CO detection.
Type of Sensor
The type of the sensor plays a key role in selecting the carbon monoxide detector.
Electrochemical Sensors
Due to their accuracy and reliability, you can use Carbon Monoxide detectors with electrochemical sensors for industrial and home use.
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Sensors
These are good for places requiring quick response times, though they may need regular calibration.
Infrared (IR) Sensors
These are ideal for industrial applications requiring high accuracy and continuous monitoring.
Power Source
Depending on how you want to detect carbon monoxide you can pick the power source.
Battery-operated
CO detectors with batteries offer flexibility in placement but require regular battery changes. Usually, the batteries can last 24 or more.
Some of them like the BW CLIp can run for 2 years.
Fixed
These are fixed in one location, we call them fixed gas detectors, usually, they are connected directly to your electrical system, sometimes with a battery backup.
Fixed vs. Portable Gas Detectors: What Is the Difference?
Plug-in
Easy to install but requires an available power outlet.
Digital Display
Shows CO levels in real-time, helping you monitor the situation even if the levels are not yet dangerous.
Test/Reset Button
Allows you to test the detector to ensure it’s working properly.
End-of-life Indicator
Alerts you when the detector needs to be replaced, typically after 5-10 years.
Interconnectivity
Some detectors can be interconnected with other detectors, so if one goes off, they all do. This is useful for larger homes.
Alarm Type
Ensure the alarm is loud and distinct enough to wake you up if it goes off during the night.
Some models offer voice alerts, which can be clearer and more informative.
Placement Recommendations
Choose detectors that can be placed in the recommended areas: near sleeping areas, in rooms with fuel-burning appliances, and at least one on each level of the home.
Avoid placing detectors too close to fuel-burning appliances to prevent false alarms.
Ease of Installation and Maintenance
Look for detectors that are easy to install and come with clear instructions.
Consider models that are easy to maintain, with simple battery replacement and self-test features.
Brand Reputation and Reviews
Research and choose reputable brands known for quality and reliability.
Read customer reviews to learn about other users’ experiences with the detector’s performance and durability.
Price and Warranty
Compare prices to find a detector that fits your budget while still meeting all safety requirements.
Check the warranty and customer support provided by the manufacturer, which can be crucial if you encounter any issues.
Best CO gas detector for homes
Here are some of the best carbon monoxide (CO) detectors available.
Google Nest Protect
This smart detector is both a smoke and CO detector. It provides mobile alerts, easy silencing via the Nest app, and voice alerts for issues.
It’s an excellent choice if you’re integrating it into a smart home setup. However, it’s relatively expensive.
First Alert Combination Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detector
This battery-operated unit offers two-in-one protection with visual and auditory alerts.
It’s known for its easy installation and reliable performance, making it a solid choice for most homes.
Kidde Nighthawk Plug-In Carbon Monoxide Detector
This model plugs into a standard electrical outlet and has a battery backup for power outages.
It features a digital display for easy monitoring and a peak level button to show the highest CO level measured. It’s highly recommended for its ease of use and reliability.
First Alert Battery-Operated Carbon Monoxide Detector
Known for its budget-friendly price, this detector uses a 9-volt battery, making it easy to place anywhere.
It includes an 85-decibel alarm and a visual LED indicator. It’s a simple yet effective option for those looking for basic CO detection.
Kidde Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Detector
This combination detector is battery-operated and UL-certified, offering long-lasting battery life and voice notifications.
It’s available in multiple pack sizes, which is ideal if you need to replace multiple units in your home .
First Alert CO615 Plug-In Carbon Monoxide Detector
This plug-in model comes with a digital display and a battery backup. It features an 85-decibel alarm, a peak level button, and an end-of-life signal chirp, ensuring continuous monitoring and easy maintenance.
FAQ: CO gas detectors
Here are some of the most common questions about carbon monoxide (CO) detectors along with their answers.
What is carbon monoxide?
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless, and tasteless gas that is produced by burning fuel such as gas, wood, coal, or oil.
Because it is undetectable by human senses, it is often referred to as the “silent killer.” Inhalation of CO can prevent the blood from carrying oxygen to cells, tissues, and organs, leading to serious health issues or death.
Why do I need a CO detector?
CO detectors are essential because carbon monoxide is undetectable by human senses.
A CO detector can alert you to the presence of CO in your home, potentially saving lives by providing an early warning so you can evacuate and seek fresh air and medical attention.
Where should I place CO detectors in my home?
CO detectors should be installed on every level of your home, especially near sleeping areas and potential sources of CO like furnaces, water heaters, and fireplaces.
Avoid placing them directly next to or above these appliances to prevent false alarms.
They should be installed at least 5 feet away from any fuel-burning appliances and not in dead air spaces like corners or confined spaces.
How often should I test my CO detector?
You should test your CO detector at least once a month to ensure it is functioning properly. Most detectors have a test button that you can press to check the alarm.
Additionally, replace the batteries regularly, typically every six months, unless it’s a model with a sealed lithium battery designed to last 10 years.
How long do CO detectors last?
Most CO detectors have a lifespan of 5 to 7 years. Some newer models can last up to 10 years.
Detectors typically emit an end-of-life signal (a series of beeps) to alert you when they need to be replaced. Check the manufacturer’s instructions for the specific lifespan of your model.
What should I do if my CO detector goes off?
If your CO detector alarm sounds, immediately move to fresh air (outdoors or by an open window or door).
Ensure everyone in the home is accounted for and call emergency services. Do not re-enter the home until it has been declared safe by professionals.
Can a CO detector also detect smoke?
Some CO detectors are combination units that also detect smoke. These are often referred to as smoke and CO detectors and provide dual protection.
However, a standard CO detector only detects carbon monoxide and will not alert you to the presence of smoke or fire.
Are there different types of CO detectors?
Yes, there are several types of CO detectors, including battery-operated, plug-in, and hardwired models.
Some also come with additional features like digital displays, voice alerts, or smart connectivity for integration with home automation systems .
How does a CO detector work?
CO detectors use sensors to measure the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air.
The most common sensor types are electrochemical sensors, which produce an electrical current in the presence of CO.
When the CO level reaches a dangerous threshold, the detector sounds an alarm to alert occupants.
Can a CO detector detect natural gas?
No, CO detectors are specifically designed to detect carbon monoxide, not natural gas.
To detect natural gas leaks, you would need a separate natural gas detector, which senses methane or propane, the primary components of natural gas .
These answers should help you understand the importance and functionality of CO detectors, ensuring that you can make informed decisions about their use and maintenance in your home.
How To Detect A Natural Gas Leak